What are the overall external ocular structures known as?

The term "adnexa" encompasses the overall external ocular structures, which include the eyelids, eyelashes, lacrimal (tear) glands, and connective tissue surrounding the globe of the eye. This term refers not only to the structures that directly aid in the protection and function of the eye but also to the supportive elements that contribute to the overall health and maintenance of the ocular surface. Understanding the adnexa is crucial in the context of ocular health, as they play key roles in tear production, eyelid movement, and overall eye protection.

The bulbar refers specifically to the portion of the conjunctiva that covers the outer surface of the eyeball, while the cornea is the clear front surface of the eye that helps focus light. The sclera is the tough outer layer of the eyeball, commonly referred to as the "white of the eye," which provides structure and protection to the inner components. While all these components are vital to the eye's integrity and function, they fall under the broader category of external ocular structures known as the adnexa.